Scholars’ Junior English Grammar And Composition | Lesson 17: The Verb

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Page No. 106

Exercise 1. Each sentence has a verb printed in italics. Say whether it is auxiliary or principal:

  1. The trader has many horses.
    Ans: auxiliary
  2. Lucy had read this story.
    Ans: auxiliary
  3. We play games every evening.
    Ans: principal
  4. You can cross this stream.
    Ans: auxiliary
  5. We must respect our teachers.
    Ans: auxiliary
  6. The pupils were making a noise.
    Ans: auxiliary
  7. Sham has written a poem.
    Ans: auxiliary
  8. Do you know how to swim?
    Ans: auxiliary
  9. We may help you in trouble.
    Ans: auxiliary
  10. The dog is a faithful animal.
    Ans: auxiliary
  11. My brother does not like potatoes.
    Ans: principal
  12. What more do you want?
    Ans: auxiliary

Exercise 2. Sort out the auxiliary verbs in these sentences:

  1. The girl is crying in pain.
    Ans: is
  2. I can jump over this wall.
    Ans: can
  3. The postman has brought a letter.
    Ans: has
  4. One must obey one’s parents.
    Ans: must
  5. You should love your motherland.
    Ans: should
  6. Do not speak foul words.
    Ans: do
  7. Indira has lost her husband.
    Ans: has
  8. Children have been making a noise  since long.
    Ans: have

Exercise 3. Here are some pairs of sentences. The same verb has been used as an auxiliary and as a principal verb in each pair. Find out which is which:

  1. The baby is laughing. The baby is cheerful.
    Ans: is – auxiliary; is – principal
  2. Do you help him in trouble? You do your work.
    Ans: do – auxiliary; do – principal
  3. Sunita has prepared tea for us. Sunita has black curly hair.
    Ans: has – auxiliary; has – principal
  4. You need not go to him for help. I need these books badly.
    Ans: need – auxiliary; need – principal
  5. We have finished our homework. I have two brothers and a sister.
    Ans: have – auxiliary; have – principal
  6. You are telling a white lie. You are a first-rate liar.
    Ans: are – auxiliary; are – principal

Exercise 4. Which of the following sentences has transitive verbs and which intransitive ones:

  1. The baby is sitting.
    Ans: sitting- intransitive
  2. Susan is playing in the harmonium.
    Ans: playing – transitive
  3. Everyone laughed aloud at his words.
    Ans: laughed – intransitive
  4. The player kicked the ball hard.
    Ans: kicked – transitive
  5. We went to the market for shopping.
    Ans: went – intransitive
  6. The last bell rings at 4p.m.
    Ans: rings – intransitive
  7. The peon is ringing the bell.
    Ans: ringing – transitive
  8. She is smelling a rose flower.
    Ans: smelling – transitive
  9. The rose smells sweet.
    Ans: smells – intransitive
  10. Just taste this delicious pudding.
    Ans: taste – transitive
  11. Quinine tastes bitter.
    Ans: taste – intransitive
  12. We have breakfast at 7 a.m.
    Ans: have – transitive
  13. Mother is cooking food for the kids.
    Ans: cooking – transitive
  14. We played football in the playground.
    Ans: played – transitive
  15. I have learned my lesson.
    Ans: learned – transitive

Exercise 5. Complete each sentence:

  1. She looks __.
    Ans: She looks very beautiful.
  2. They elected __.
    Ans: They elected their captain.
  3. The plant has grown __.
    Ans: The plant has grown fast.
  4. I am feeling_________.
    Ans: I am feeling well.
  5. Sugar tastes _.
    Ans: Sugar tastes sweet
  6. He has fallen_________.
    Ans: He has fallen from the tree.
  7. The officers appear __.
    Ans: The officers appear suddenly.
  8. The dog has gone _.
    Ans: The dog has gone after its master.
  9. Mangoes sell _.
    Ans: Mangoes sell well.
  10. He played___________.
    Ans: He played smartly.
  11. She has taken________.
    Ans: She has taken the dose today.
  12. Ram is afraid________.
    Ans: Ram is afraid of his father.
  13. Ram writes__________.
    Ans: Ram writes neatly.

Exercise 6. Define:

a) an auxiliary verb
Ans: The verb that helps the principal verb to form its tense, mood or voice, etc. is called an auxiliary verb.

(b) a transitive verb
Ans: A transitive verb denotes an action that does not stop with the doer(subject) but passes on to some other noun or pronoun(objects).

(c) an intransitive verb
Ans: An intransitive verb denotes an action that stops with the doer (subject) and does not pass on to any other noun or pronoun (object).

(d) a verb of incomplete prediction.
Ans: The verb that needs an additional word to complete its predicate is called a verb of incomplete prediction.

Exercise 7. Conjugate the following verbs:

a) learn, dream, burn, copy, play
Ans: learn – learnt – learnt
     dream – dreamt – dreamt
     burn – burnt – burnt
     copy – copied – copied
     play – played – played

(b) bind, choose, eat, fall, drink, grow, shake, weave
Ans: bind – bound – bound
         choose – chose – chose
        eat – ate – eaten
        fall – fell – fallen
        drink – drank – drunk
        grow – grew – grown
        shake – shook – shaken
        weave – wove – woven
       
(c) awake, cling, fight, hold, slink, wring, swing
Ans : awake – awoke – awaken
          cling – clung – clung
          fight – fought – fought
          hold – held – held
          slink – slunk – slunk
          wring – wrung – wrung
          swing – swung – swung

(d) creep, feel, leap, buy, catch, say, tell
Ans: creep – crept – crept
        feel – felt – felt
        leap – leaped – leaped
        buy – bought – bought
        catch – caught – caught
        say – said – said
        tell – told – told

(e) lead, meet, light, shred, read, beat
Ans: lead – led – led
        meet – met – met
        light – lit – lit
        shred – shredded – shredded
        read – read – read
        beat – beat – beaten

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